欧美性爱片

  • Skip to content
  • Skip to footer
  • Accessibility options
欧美性爱片
  • 欧美性爱片
  • Business and
    employers
  • Alumni and
    supporters
  • For
    students
  • Accessibility
    options
Open menu
Home
Home
  • Close
  • Study here
    • Get to know us
    • Why choose 欧美性爱片?
    • Explore our prospectus
    • Chat to our students
    • Ask us a question
    • Meet us
    • Open days and visits
    • Virtual tours
    • Applicant days
    • Meet us in your country
    • Campuses
    • Our campuses
    • Our city
    • Accommodation options
    • Our halls
    • Helping you find a home
    • What you can study
    • Find a course
    • Full A-Z course list
    • Explore our subjects
    • Our academic departments
    • How to apply
    • Undergraduate application process
    • Postgraduate application process
    • International student application process
    • Apprenticeships
    • Transfer from another university
    • International students
    • Clearing
    • Funding your time at uni
    • Fees and financial support
    • What's included in your fees
    • 欧美性爱片 Boost – extra financial help
    • Advice and guidance
    • Advice for students
    • Guide for offer holders
    • Advice for parents and carers
    • Advice for schools and colleges
    • Supporting you
    • Your academic experience
    • Your wellbeing
    • Your career and employability
  • Research
    • Research and knowledge exchange
    • Research and knowledge exchange organisation
    • The Global Challenges
    • Centres of Research Excellence (COREs)
    • Research Excellence Groups (REGs)
    • Information for business
    • Community University Partnership Programme (CUPP)
    • Postgraduate research degrees
    • PhD research disciplines and programmes
    • PhD funding opportunities and studentships
    • How to apply for your PhD
    • Research environment
    • Investing in research careers
    • Strategic plan
    • Research concordat
    • News, events, publications and films
    • Featured research and knowledge exchange projects
    • Research and knowledge exchange news
    • Inaugural lectures
    • Research and knowledge exchange publications and films
    • Academic staff search
  • 欧美性爱片
  • Business and employers
  • Alumni, supporters and giving
  • Current students
  • Accessibility
Search our site
欧美性爱片 pier at night
Research and knowledge exchange
  • Research and knowledge exchange
  • Postgraduate research degrees
  • Research features
  • Research organisation
  • Research environment
  • Groups
  • Social Science Policy
  • Research projects
  • Rehabilitation by design: Influencing change in prisoner behaviour

Rehabilitation by design: Influencing change in prisoner behaviour

The decision made in the EU referendum has undeniably changed the contours of political debate in the UK. However, while the Government negotiates the conditions of ‘Brexit’ we simultaneously continue to face a crisis in our prison system. Before the referendum the Government made clear that our prison system is failing, and it still is. Our prisons have been left to languish, as if they and the people they house are beyond redemption. Hidden behind high walls and razor-wire topped fences, prisoners have become objects to be feared, warehoused and ultimately forgotten. More often than not, current structures and processes actively stifle the initiative, innovation and creativity of staff and prisoners alike. It is time to reassess the effectiveness of such an approach, and the Prisons and Courts Reform Bill provides the perfect opportunity to do so.

Indeed, the planned prison reforms which featured front-and-centre in the Queen’s Speech 2016 have the potential to fundamentally change the way we approach criminal behaviour. Before his departure from office, David Cameron suggested that developing a ‘twenty-first century prison system’ needed to be a ‘great progressive cause’ in British politics, adding: 'we need a prison system that doesn’t see prisoners as simply liabilities to be managed, but instead as potential assets to be harnessed'.

These goals are far from modest, which means the stakes are high. Concerned with more than just the ‘look’ of our prisons, the prison reforms bill affords an opportunity to truly interrogate the fundamental principles which underpin approaches toward rehabilitation. This is a genuine chance to make prisons and non-custodial alternatives more effective, both in terms of cost to the public purse and with regards to meaningful behaviour change.

Drawing together several different themes and perspectives, this project sought to provide recommendations about how we might best address the challenges being faced in our prisons. The resulting report includes contributions from: Global construction consultant Gleeds; Professor of Criminology and expert in prison design Yvonne Jewkes (欧美性爱片); Professor of Psychiatry and expert in behaviour change Keith Humphreys (Stanford University); Senior Lecturer in Criminology Dr Hannah Thurston (欧美性爱片); renowned Industry Advisors PricewaterhouseCooper; American Justice Facility Planner and Design Consultant Mark Goldman and Chief Executive of The Nehemiah Project, Dr John Patience. While this report cannot fully address all aspects of rehabilitation, we are confident the evidence we present, from the UK and abroad, is sufficiently encouraging to be included as part of the current debate in the UK.

Please enable targeting cookies in order to view this video content on our website, or you can .

Watch Richard Steer (Chairman of Gleeds Worldwide) and Dr Hannah Thurston (Criminology researcher, 欧美性爱片) discussing the Rehabilitation by Design report.

In bringing together examples of some of the most effective criminal justice systems from around the world, coupled with original data and expert commentary, we have created an invaluable resource for the UK Government. The recommendations contained within the report have been carefully considered, are easily implemented and have been proven to be hugely effective in reducing rates of recidivism, minimising violence and maximising value for money. As the country embarks upon a landmark programme of reform you could not hope for a better starting point from which to work

Professor Yvonne Jewkes

Project timeframe

This research commenced in April 2016 and it is ongoing.

Project aims

The aims of rehabilitation by design were to:

  • describe the current challenges faced by prisons, their staff and those serving a custodial sentence
  • examine how we might reduce assaults on prison staff
  • evaluate ways to reduce the stress and anxiety that staff work under
  • explain how good prison design can encourage prisoner compliance
  • draw together evidence on how to reduce self-harm and suicide
  • offer recommendations which would reduce the life-cycle costs associated with prisons.

Project images

Yvonne-Jewkes-prison-3

Wandsworth prison, UK

Norway-prison

Halden prison, Norway

This new study offers some fantastic insights into how we can maximise the opportunity presented by the proposed new build prisons programme. By reviewing the way in which we design and operate our facilities we have the chance to make some truly positive changes to the criminal justice system, reducing reoffending rates and making our prisons both safer and more efficient for inmates and staff.

Richard Steer, Chairman, Gleeds Worldwide

Project findings and impact

The size of the prison population is a growing problem, and while the new, planned prisons will hopefully relieve some pressure on the system, the detrimental impact of an increasing prison population should not be underestimated. As such the authors of Rehabilitation by Design believe that non-custodial alternatives are an important method by which prisoner numbers can be managed. Incarceration makes many people worse and can actually increase the chance of re-offending. Coupled with designing effective environments for rehabilitation, significant changes are needed to increase the success and scope of community based sanctions and other non-custodial alternatives. The primary aim of Rehabilitation by Design though, was to offer practical recommendations relating to the current challenges facing the prison system. A brief overview of some of these recommendations is offered below:

To reduce anger, violence, anxiety and depression by promoting better mental health and wellbeing

  • Ideally, single cells with washing facilities to reduce frustration and increase privacy
  • Better use of technology (to support risk reduction/increase staff contact with prisoners)
  • Minimise sensory overload and sensory deprivation
  • Passive and active recreation areas with colour schemes to encourage desired behaviour
  • Acknowledgment of who is most at risk and when (during reception, for example)
  • Self-harm should not be treated as ‘manipulative behaviour’
  • Suicide resistant fixtures can also help, but only in conjunction with a commitment to engage prisoners in meaningful and regular purposeful activity
  • Good sight-lines/surveillance also help reduce bullying and intimidation
  • Expand prison mentoring schemes and designate some cells for ‘buddy up’ system
  • Direct access to (and views of) nature have been found to contribute to health and wellbeing

To reduce the likelihood of contraband entering the prison

  • Reduce demand for mobile phones through opportunities for more meaningful and regular interactions with family and friends
  • Use surveillance technologies to detect irregular behaviours and noise
  • Reduce the demand for drugs through boredom alleviation and better services, with continual evaluation of programmes to target addiction
  • Needle exchange programmes have proved effective elsewhere
  • Trial a heavily staffed drug-free unit for guaranteed detox
  • Meet with local third sector organisations, who are well placed to deliver specialised services based on the specific drug-related problems a prison is facing
  • The fundamental issue though, is convincing offenders that a life free from addiction is a worthwhile pursuit. This can only be achieved through a holistic approach which relates to all aspects of prison life. We need to reconsider aspects of prison culture, prison regime, the use of space and who is given a custodial sentence.

To encourage responsibilisation through normalisation

  • Provide opportunities for trusted prisoners to manage a weekly budget
  • Designate rooms for prisoners to engage with IT (possibly to arrange visits/appointments)
  • Try to change language in the prison (‘room’ not cell; 'garden' not yard; 'men' not prisoner)
  • Allow more personal belongings in rooms (posters; plants; photographs)
  • Provide more opportunities for family visits (both online and offline).

To encourage more frequent and more meaningful visits (by family, friends and third sector)

  • Reduce overly intrusive security measures for third sector workers
  • Reduce all security measures with more effective surveillance technologies
  • Develop family-friendly security (for example, cartoon characters like airport security)
  • Offer more flexible spaces appropriate for meaningful and ‘normal’ interaction with friends, families and third sector staff (play/crèche area, picnic tables, tea/coffee making, computers)
  • Provide low security rooms for use by low risk offenders and those preparing for release
  • Meet regularly with local third sector organisations supporting families to discuss issues
  • Welcoming reception area for visitors
  • Ideally develop a Community Hub (with computer room for job searching) which would feature more flexible spaces to accommodate a variety of functions and organisations.

To reduce frustration with the system and to reduce assaults on staff

  • Develop clear step up/step down (incentive/punishment) framework with staff/prisoner input
  • Implementation of the swift, certain fair approach (SCF) as pioneered in the USA
  • SCF is not an alternative to rehabilitation but rather an approach that is complementary and delivered alongside proper assessment, treatment programmes and appropriate support
  • Skype calling with family can also be used more effectively to reduce frustration.

To improve prisoner motivation in education

  • Where possible, ensure programme consistency across prison estate
  • Appropriate support for prisoners with learning difficulties and disabilities
  • Education should be placed within the framework of incentives to encourage/reward attendance and progression (clearly part of step up/step down)
  • Attract high calibre graduates to work in prisons (see Coates 2016)
  • Prison officers and those involved in the peer mentoring scheme should be given appropriate courses, professional development and rewards to train as educators
  • Enable and encourage staff and prisoners to train as teaching assistants
  • Designate quiet and silent study areas much like a library (association rooms can be noisy)
  • Variety is key, both in terms of course content and learning/teaching styles
  • Provision for art, music, poetry and sport (to engage less traditionally academic prisoners)
  • Allow prisoners to take ownership of their learning plans to encourage responsibilisation
  • Prisoners learn well from non-prison staff, every opportunity to involve the third sector, the community, family and ex-offenders (as mentors) should be seriously considered.

To better prepare offenders for release and resettlement

  • Full review of how offenders are taught contemporary life-skills such as typing, word processing, emailing, paying bills online or accessing services through websites
  • Learning should go beyond basic skill with opportunities to learn in the classroom and with tablets or computers in cells (note: benefits of in-cell tablets reach far beyond education)
  • Identify skills gaps within the wider economy (such as in the construction industry)
  • Provide opportunities to develop employability skills by working on the prison grounds: examples include painting, decorating, gardening, for instance, and/or work with external partners.
    • This can encourage behaviour change, reduce operational costs of the prison and equip prisoners with much needed transferable skills.

To increase staff satisfaction, moral and staff retention

  • Staff witness the most destructive behaviours in our society; emotional support and coping strategies are needed to keep the prison workforce healthy and motivated
  • Any changes to staff spaces need to occur as part of a dialogue with staff
  • Durable, comfortable non-institutional staff areas (including time out/ debrief rooms)
  • Clear framework of incentives for staff progression and rewards for specialist training
  • Good design can help officers do their jobs with regards to security, but the institution also needs also to recognise the significant stress officers may experience as part of their role.

To help meet the needs of elderly prisoners

  • Disabled access to all communal areas will benefit all prisoners
  • Design specialised courses/programmes such as preparing for retirement and low intensity fitness programmes such as chair aerobics or walking clubs
  • On-site medical services also vital, as is recognition that palliative care is a growing reality
  • As with all offenders, we would also suggest that elderly offenders would benefit from:
    • alternatives to incarceration (for those who pose little risk of harming others)
    • shorter prison sentences followed by intensive community-based supervision
    • incentivised early release based on compliance and good behaviour.

Synposis for Rehabilitation by design report cover

Read the Synopsis for Rehabilitation by design: Influencing change in prisoner behaviour report for further information.

Project impact

This influential report has had the following indicators of impact:

  • Rehabilitation by Design was launched in the House of Commons on 10 October 2016.
  • Rehabilitation by Design was also submitted as evidence to the Justice Select Committee in September 2016
  • The authors of Rehabilitation by Design have received several requests from interested parties to develop the project further. These include prison Governors, third sector organisations working with prisoners’ families and senior NOMS staff.

Research team

Professor Yvonne Jewkes

Dr Hannah Thurston

Output

Rehabilitation by Design: Influencing change in prisoner behaviour report

In addition, two of the authors presented associated papers at the London Drug and Alcohol Policy Forum (30 September 2016) at Guildhall Art Gallery

Conference: Rehabilitation by design – two complementary approaches:

  • Swift, Certain, and Fair Consequences to Promote Behaviour Change in Criminal Justice Populations – by Prof Keith Humphreys
  • New Perspectives on Offender Rehabilitation: Promoting Behavioural Change Through Prison Planning and Design – By Prof Yvonne Jewkes

Related output

Press releases

The Nehemiah

with Global CEO of Gleeds about the report

Facilities Management World (FMW), Changing prison design could aid rehabilitation of offenders, 13 October 2016.

Build monthly bulletin, Gleeds report calls for new approach to prison design, 19 October 2016.

The Construction Index, , 19 October 2016.

Building Design and Construction Magazine, Landmark study suggests new approach to prison building to reduce crime, 21 October 2016.

Architect Projects, , 2016.

Partners

  • Gleeds (Global construction consultant)
  • Keith Humphreys (Professor of Psychiatry at Stanford University)
  • PricewaterhouseCooper (industry advisors)
  • Mark Goldman (American Justice Facility Planner and Design Consultant)
  • Dr John Patience (Chief Executive of The Nehemiah Project)
Back to top

Contact us

欧美性爱片
Mithras House
Lewes Road
欧美性爱片
BN2 4AT

Main switchboard 01273 600900

Course enquiries

Sign up for updates

University contacts

Report a problem with this page

Quick links Quick links

  • Courses
  • Open days
  • Explore our prospectus
  • Academic departments
  • Academic staff
  • Professional services departments
  • Jobs
  • Privacy and cookie policy
  • Accessibility statement
  • Libraries
  • Term dates
  • Maps
  • Graduation
  • Site information
  • The Student Contract

Information for Information for

  • Current students
  • International students
  • Media/press
  • Careers advisers/teachers
  • Parents/carers
  • Business/employers
  • Alumni/supporters
  • Suppliers
  • Local residents